Integrating Music Experiences In The Classroom Education Essay

Music is a worldwide phenomenon. An enjoyment and grasp of music is apparent in every civilization, yesteryear and nowadays. Adults and kids likewise listen, perform or compose music in a assortment of ways for cultural and personal grounds. In resort areas, places and schools kids dance, drama and sing for enjoyment and societal interaction. In Queensland province schools a specializer music instructor provides pupils with hebdomadal chances to actively prosecute in vocalizing, playing, reading and composing music. However the function and importance of the non-specialist schoolroom instructor to supply music experiences should non be undervalued. By incorporating music activities into day-to-day schoolroom life instructors can make community, enhance acquisition experiences and construct an grasp of Australian and universe civilizations. By supplying chances for pupils to sing, play and make music the schoolroom instructor acknowledges the of import function music plays in the life of every kid. Music and motion activities can be shared experiences that make kids experience portion of a group, promoting cooperation, teamwork and making a sense of community within the schoolroom. As suggested by Carlow ( 2008, p. 4 ) ‘as kids take part in musical activities together, their encephalons, organic structures and Black Marias are engaged and singularly focused in an knowing conjunction activity. ‘ Children can develop societal accomplishments whilst playing musical games necessitating cooperation such as†¦ .. Emotional consequence of music is an plus in the schoolroom. Stress alleviating affects can be utilised to alter the temper in the schoolroom, aid with transitional activities and alleviate subject jobs. Singing or listening to music can be used as a basic schoolroom direction technique to welcome pupils, cue the beginning or terminal of an activity or relax pupils after interruption ( Carlow, 2008 ) Music can enrich and inspire lessons.f rom The benefits of musical activities for kids with physical or cognitive disablements is good researched and can help in making an inclusive schoolroom environment that engenders a shared sense of humanity. Music and motion experiences help develop both sides of the encephalon, an of import determination in recent encephalon research, and contribute to kids ‘s physical, cognitive and linguistic communication development. Experiences with music, which frequently involvement motion every bit good, are memorable because they are non restricted to the mind but besides touch the emotions and affect the senses. Music can heighten the creativeness, assurance and quality of schoolroom acquisition experiences for all pupils. Music accommodates for multiple acquisition manners including kinesthetic through motion and dance, mathematical-logical through bring forthing and listening to music and interpersonal through playing and executing for others. Musical activities and games can help pupils to better their beat, balance and fluidness ( Singer, p. 54 ) . Research suggests that simple exercisings such as walking on a balance beam to a membranophone round will assist better both physical and reading sleight. Using a assortment of beat and pacing may help pupils reading eloquence as a connexion is made and internalised between the ocular words ( length of words ) and the auditory ( words and beat beats ) and the kinesthetic ( body motion ) Singer, p. 54. Comparisons of sounds of assorted music instruments helps pupils to ticket tune their hearing accomplishments and audile favoritism ( Singer, p.55 ) . Music expresses human feeling, kids should see music in such a manner that they are progressively cognizant of composers have used sound to show deeper inner feelings, which like thoughts have transcended people, topographic points and civilizations. It is in the schoolroom that kids can see composition and improvising and doing music for a assortment of times and topographic points. Sense of how humanity expresses itself with sound. Cognitive development, kids solve jobs whilst engaged in music and motion activities, which instrument can be used to do the sound of boom. They create forms with the words they sing or chant, with the gestures they make with their organic structures, and with musical instruments. Children learn about figure constructs as they clap their custodies to a round. They think symbolically when they pretend to walk like an elephant to music.. Music experiences can be organised around jobs, issues or subjects derived from existent life state of affairss, in which precedence is given to active acquisition and significance devising movable and connected to reliable mundane life fortunes ( Eisner, 2004 and Davis, 2005 as cited in Temmerman p. 39 ) . †¦ . Music can heighten our apprehension of ourselves and the universe. Music from different civilizations contributes to our apprehension of both others and ourselves. As pupils sing, drama instruments and listen to music kids are encouraged to see, regard and appreciate the parts of people, civilizations and eras different from their ain. Songs composed or jury-rigged provide kids with a agencies to border the universe through their ain ability to do significance. As suggested by Joseph, p. 27 our universe is progressively going interdependent and all pupils should understand their function in a planetary society. As suggested by Nieto, 2002 cited in Joseph p. 27 â€Å" The boundary lines between civilizations, communities and societies are continually film overing and music serves as an of import ingredient in our multicultural society † . As a cultural passage, the humanistic disciplines embody a states individuality, and music signifiers a large portion of this individuality. Music can be a critical portion of acquisition and find, chances to learn about cultural consciousness and values, understand our cultural heritage every bit good as past and present universe civilizations. Waltzing Matilda has introduced pupils to national history, vocabulary and folk vocals ( Singer p. 55 ) The map of music in the course of study is a facilitative 1, where lessons are a beginning of acquisition and experience that form merely portion of a kid ‘s musical universe and individuality. The specializer music instructor and the schoolroom instructor can value music as a portion of mundane life.MUSIC 1Lesson Title:Year Degree:Time Duration of Lesson:Focused Context for Learning:Specific Learning Objectives for this Lesson:1.2.3.Wayss of WorkingKnowledge and UnderstandingPrior KnowledgeTime in mins Phases of sequenced activities Group organisation/ safety considerations ResourcesORIENTATERhythmic reverberation bangs Singing GreetingENHANCEAnts Go Marching InSts. ask for their Year 1 brother category to sing and execute actions to the vocal. Stairss for activity? Sts. keep custodies with Yr. 1 brother pupil†¦ ( March around etc. ) Mexican Woodpecker ( New vocal ) Teach words & A ; rhythm merely in this lesson.Dragon vocal activityQuestions:What do you cognize about firedrakes? How are firedrakes perceived in Chinese civilization? Watch picture cartridge holder Tchr. explains by the terminal of the unit sts. will be making their ain firedrake vocal, music and actions.. Sts. watch a picture cartridge holder demoing a traditional Chinese firedrake dance. Sts. insight thoughts, features of the Chinese firedrake ( Dragon song thoughts ) Watch picture cartridge holder Sts. usage list of words ( Dragon song ideas ) to make 8 short lines of text about the Chinese firedrake. Tchr points out up/down moving ridges of motion. Appendix 1.1 Appendix 1.2SynthesiseAssessment Techniques and Instruments Teaching Resources Specific for this Lesson MentionsMUSIC 2Lesson Title:Year Degree:Time Duration of Lesson:Focused Context for Learning:Keeping the round to short vocals Know and understand assorted meters ( 2/4, A? , 4/4 )Specific Learning Objectives for this Lesson:1. Perform a round and rhythmic form utilizing organic structure percussion2.3.Wayss of WorkingKnowledge and UnderstandingPrior KnowledgeDragon vocal: Sts. have created 8 lines of text and arranged them in a suited order during a literacy block. Time in mins Phases of sequenced activities Group organisation/ safety considerations ResourcesOrientateENHANCEMexican WoodpeckerGo over words and learn actions in a individual line? The Aardvark ( New Song ) Thatch wordss: Tchr. chants the vocal through one time whilst sts. click fingers to the round. Tchr chants lines 1 and 2 and sts. repetition Tchr chants lines 3 and 4 and sts. repetition Sts. and Tchr. intone the vocal in unison. Teach actions: Tchr. demonstrates actions line by line and sts. transcript Line 1, cast pess Line 2, bang surrogate articulatio genuss with custodies Line 3 bang custodies together Line 4 chink fingers Practice vocal: Sts. and tchr. sing the chant and maintain the beat with organic structure percussion. Dragon Song Activity ( continued ) Divide category into 8 groups. Each group is allocated 1 line from the Dragon vocal they wrote in a literacy block. Making the music ( Dragon song endorsing path ) Sts. listen to CD path 55 Questions: How many beats can you hear in each form? Do you like the sound of the tune? Tchr. explains that endorsing music repeats a steady 5 round concomitant utilizing the pentatonic graduated table Sts. put up a glock with a C pentatonic graduated table and listen to the notes. Each group invent a tune for their line of the vocal devising certain it fits the 5 round form..Appendix 2.1SynthesisePlay a tune to the backup path Each group play their musical concomitant to the 5 round backup path Assessment Techniques and Instruments Teaching Resources Specific for this Lesson MentionsMUSIC 3Lesson Title:Year Degree:Time Duration of Lesson:Focused Context for Learning:Specific Learning Objectives for this Lesson:1.2.3.Wayss of WorkingKnowledge and UnderstandingPrior KnowledgeTime in mins Phases of sequenced activities Group organisation/ safety considerations Gathering groundsOrientateTchr./ pupil recognizingENHANCEThe Aardvark ( rhythmic chant – sing in unit of ammunitions ) Sts. intone the vocal whilst maintaining the beat utilizing organic structure percussion. Divide category in to 2 groups to execute chant as a 2 portion unit of ammunition. Divide sts. into 4 groups and execute chant as a 4 portion unit of ammunition. Mr Noah Rap ( New Song ) Sts. listen to the blame on the Cadmium ( Track 19 with words and carnal noises ) Sts. listen to CD once more clapping the steady round throughout ( 4/4 ) Sts. pattern clapping the round and stating the sound for each animate being Tchr. hands out rhythmic pattern sheet for each animate being Without the Cadmium sts. pattern stating the carnal sounds whilst clapping a steady round.Questions:How many beats does the serpent ‘s hushing spell for ( 4 beats ) What does the crocodile say on each round? ( snip/snap ) How many snip-snaps will we hear for the 4 beats? Class is divided into 6 groups ( one for each of the animate beings mentioned in the blame ) Sts. sing along to CD ( Track 20 – words but spreads where the animate being noises are so sts. can infix )Mexican Woodpecker:Practice vocal and actions togetherChinese Dragon Song:Practice vocalizing and playing to endorsing path In same groups sts. pattern vocalizing and playing their phrase in clip with the 5 steady beats. In groups sts. pattern vocalizing and playing, one group after the following, each get downing on the first of the 5 round form. As each group sing and play their phrase they continue playing the glock to the 5 round form to make melodious phrases that overlap each other. Sts. are familiar with vocal & A ; actions. New activity for sts. start with 2 portion unit of ammunition and so travel to 4 portion unit of ammunition. Observe sts. ability to intone rhythmic forms in unit of ammunition Appendix 3.1 Rhythmic carnal form sheet for each pupil. Wordss to the vocal on IWB.SynthesiseAssessment Techniques and Instruments Teaching Resources Specific for this Lesson MentionsMUSIC 4Lesson Title:Year Degree: In-between Primary ( 3-5 )Time Duration of Lesson:Focused Context for Learning:Specific Learning Objectives for this Lesson:1.2.3.Wayss of WorkingKnowledge and UnderstandingPrior KnowledgeTime in mins Phases of sequenced activities Group organisation/ safety considerations Gathering grounds.OrientateENHANCE:Mr Noah Rap:Clap 4/4 round ( 1, 2, 3, 4 ) ( hands/knees )Q. What vocal have we been larningwith this round? ( Please, Mr Noah ) Organises sts. into 6 groups ( animate beings ) Tchr. We have been utilizing our voices to stand for the animate beings – today we will utilize instruments†¦Q. I have some instruments here, which group shall I give them to?Hand out instruments to each group Tchr. Ask each group to play instruments to their animate beings beat ( all in form on board ) Play â€Å" Mr Noah ‘s Rap † Track ( Optional ) Sts. Singing Mr Noah Rap Each group plays their instrument at the appropriate clip in the vocal maintaining a steady 4/4 round.Ants Go Marching InWith Year 1 brother categoryDragon SongSts. practise Chinese Dragon vocal Go over of import points for a category public presentation Watch music director ( tchr. ) carefully Dressed ore Start and finish with silence Sit mutely when non playing/singing Smile and have funSynthesiseSts. execute their firedrake vocal for Year 1 brother category. Assessment Techniques and Instruments Teaching Resources Specific for this Lesson

Free Essays on One Hell Of A Night

One Hell of a Night I have never felt the action of my heart falling into my stomach, until the night of June 3, 2001. It was around three o'clock in the morning and I was waiting up for my girlfriend, Tracy, to get off of work. She was a bartender at a night club in Philadelphia, called Maui and she would always call me as she was leaving. She needed someone to talk to her on the ride home, since it was almost 50 minutes long. Tonight was like any other night, she called and we talked about how her night went, how much money she made, gossip at work, etc. Like any other night, her night was horrible. The people who frequently went there were rude and didn't tip well. After dealing with uneducated jerks, the ride home talking to me was a blessing. She would finally be able to relax after serving people drinks for over six hours straight. About ten minutes after we got on the phone, I heard a quick intake of breath, a loud boom, a brief period of silence, and then my girlfriend screaming. It was the worst scream I have ever heard in my entire life, a scream of pain, a scream of complete human pain. And it was coming from the love of my life, the woman I wanted to spend the rest of my life with. That is the moment when I felt my heart fall into the depths of my stomach. After a few minutes she stopped screaming and I had no idea what had happened. Frantically I repeated her name over and over, until finally I heard her reply. As she sobbed into the phone, she told me that she had gotten into a car accident and the driver who hit her had taken off. The driver blew a red light and hit her on the drivers’ side door, totaling her car. Luckily the airbags were deployed and she was wearing her seatbelt. She kept repeating how much her arm hurt, and how she couldn't move it. Since no one was around, I told her to call 911, and to call me back right away. I hung up the phone with her and began my quest for a ride. ... Free Essays on One Hell Of A Night Free Essays on One Hell Of A Night One Hell of a Night I have never felt the action of my heart falling into my stomach, until the night of June 3, 2001. It was around three o'clock in the morning and I was waiting up for my girlfriend, Tracy, to get off of work. She was a bartender at a night club in Philadelphia, called Maui and she would always call me as she was leaving. She needed someone to talk to her on the ride home, since it was almost 50 minutes long. Tonight was like any other night, she called and we talked about how her night went, how much money she made, gossip at work, etc. Like any other night, her night was horrible. The people who frequently went there were rude and didn't tip well. After dealing with uneducated jerks, the ride home talking to me was a blessing. She would finally be able to relax after serving people drinks for over six hours straight. About ten minutes after we got on the phone, I heard a quick intake of breath, a loud boom, a brief period of silence, and then my girlfriend screaming. It was the worst scream I have ever heard in my entire life, a scream of pain, a scream of complete human pain. And it was coming from the love of my life, the woman I wanted to spend the rest of my life with. That is the moment when I felt my heart fall into the depths of my stomach. After a few minutes she stopped screaming and I had no idea what had happened. Frantically I repeated her name over and over, until finally I heard her reply. As she sobbed into the phone, she told me that she had gotten into a car accident and the driver who hit her had taken off. The driver blew a red light and hit her on the drivers’ side door, totaling her car. Luckily the airbags were deployed and she was wearing her seatbelt. She kept repeating how much her arm hurt, and how she couldn't move it. Since no one was around, I told her to call 911, and to call me back right away. I hung up the phone with her and began my quest for a ride. ...

buy custom The Legalization of Marijuana essay

buy custom The Legalization of Marijuana essay Introduction Marijuana is a substance with a very rich history. Its use dates back so many years ago. It is first referred as a psychoactive agent in 2737 BC in the writings of a Chinese emperor. During this period, marijuana was basically used for various medical purposes. Some of the medical problems whose solution lay in marijuana include; rheumatism, gout, malaria and absent mindedness. These were all effectively managed by this substance. In India however, marijuana found its use in recreation as it was loved by Muslims since consumption of alcohol is prohibited by the Koran. It was from India that it eventually spread to most of the regions of the world. 1545 is the year that marijuana eventually made its way to America. Introduction of this substance in United States is credited to the Spanish who ferried it to the New World. The English were later to introduce it to Jamestown in 1611. This substance was grown as a source of fiber. By 1890, the use of marijuana as a source of fiber had been replaced by other products like cotton. At this period, marijuana was already a constituent of many drugs used for medication purposes. Prohibition of marijuana was later to popularize it in 1920s. Jazz musicians and people involved in show business are some of the groups that found pleasure in recreational use of marijuana. This was later to spread out and joints sprang up that sold the substance mainly for recreational purposes. It is however understood that between 1937 and 1947, the American Government spent a lot of money; approximately $ 220 billion to paint this substance as the root cause of evil in the society and hence declared its use illegal (marijuana.com). It is in this respect that this research paper asserts that the war against marijuana is not issue based and marijuana should therefore be legalized. Decongestion of the prisons Time has come for us to ask ourselves what is best for us; whether it is the continued congestion of our prisons by marijuana users or hard core criminals. All researches in the recent past on the crimes committed by prisoners in different prisons in the entire nation point towards the direction of marijuana (Marijuana.com, 2011). It is important for all American to be open-minded throughout this crucial national debate. Our criminal justice system is not even moving closer to winning the war against recreational marijuana consumption. The war has a very long history and there is nothing to show for it. There are so many criminals in the society that are supposed to be pursued and locked down in our prison facilities. This is not happening because the facilities are filled up by marijuana offenders. Congesting the prisons by marijuana offenders does not help improve the image of our legal system. It is very important for us to understand the painful fact that the prisons do not have any positive impact on the inmates. Marijuana offenders while in prison only serve their incarceration and thereafter win their freedom back to the streets where they continue smoking their recreational substance as if nothing ever happened (Sasha, 2010). Even more discouraging with locking down marijuana smokers in prisons is the unhidden truth that marijuana still makes its way to the prisons and therefore the so called marijuana law offenders do not pose in their consumption of this drug. If at all anything changes, it is the cost of accessing it but not curbing its use. In order to make maximum use of our prisons, there is a need for legalization of marijuana not only for medical purposes but also for recreation where it is widely used by members of the society (Ruschmann, 2004). This way, our police will be able to go for hard criminals instead of hanging around to arrest the marijuana smoker as this has grown to become a bother to the society and not a solution to the consumption of the drug as it is supposed to be. Our prisons have a better role to play than this monotonous game that has by far and large lost purpose (Douglas Marneffe, 2005). National Economy It is fascinating when one takes time to go through the amount of money that is channeled to our Criminal Justice System in the fight against marijuana consumption. Billions are spent in each state to curb the use of this substance. There are so many problems that can be financed by this budgetary allocation on the fight against marijuana. Think about the fight against obesity, this is a serious problem in the society; does it get funding that is comparable to the amount spent in the fight against marijuana? The answer is a very strong NO; an indication that something is supposed to be done, attention is given to the wrong issue and there I a need for this to be corrected (Douglas Marneffe, 2005). There is an important aspect of the socio-economic growth and development that the anti-legalization of marijuana campaigners fails to recognize; the fact that the so many members of the society serving prison sentences as a result of breaking laws forbidding marijuana consumption have a role to play in the growth of the economy. So many people are of the impression that marijuana users are social misfits, people without any contribution in the economic growth. However, the truth is different; doctors, teachers, engineers, architectures, accountants, to mention but a few are all rotting in our prison facilities. We should be asking ourselves if these people were not performing their professional duties or the consumption of marijuana impacted negatively on their discharge of duties prior to their arrest and sentence (Sasha, 2010). The reality of the matter differs with this thought totally; there is no reflection of these thoughts with what is seen. There are so many professionals who are perfectly discharging their duties while using marijuana; the only difference between themand their incarcerated peers is the fact that whereas they are still free to contribute towards economic growth while their counterparts in the prisons have been denied a chance to do so. The war on marijuana therefore not only robs the economy of its already gathered resources by directly channeling what it has to the Criminal Justice System but also locking out able men and women from making their contribution towards the building of a strong economy. There is therefore a need for legalization of marijuana in order to allow these people to continue making their contribution to the economy and hence feel more appreciated. It is a degradation of their economic capacity by locking them in the prisons thinking that they will leave those facilities better man and women when the truth is different. These are normal ordinary men and women whose services are an asset to the society and the economy; let us not convert them to liabilities bearing in mind the big names that have made their way to prisons due to marijuana smoking. Legalizing marijuana will greatly boost the economy through increased tax revenue collection. A research carried out in the state of California revealed that tax from a $ 14 billion industry went uncollected annually due to failure to legalize recreation marijuana consumption (Inciardi, 1999). The same research went ahead to explain that 300,000 citizens of this state were already users of medical marijuana. This gives a vivid picture of what the country looses in tax due to its failure to legalize marijuana. The economy therefore stands to benefit a lot from legalization of marijuana as it is the case with cigarettes and alcohol. Once marijuana is legalized, legislations will be formulated that will give a guideline on how the respective states will be able to earn revenue from this trade. It is true that many fear that it would be complicated to collect tax from this trade. This is however in essence one of the many fears surrounding marijuana and would be demystified once the legi slation that legalizes marijuana in the country becomes enacted. The fact that other drugs like tobacco and alcohol are legal and tax revenue is earned from them is enough evidence that support from all free minded citizens is what is needed in order to have the wheel rolling and hence see our economy growing strongly by tapping this money that ends up in individuals hands. It no longer time to continue with the kind of hypocrisy that constitutes the fight against legalization of marijuana. Tax revenue from marijuana will be as important as is that from any other industry. We have to accept the truth, our economy has traces of money from marijuana and what is needed is to have a framework that will enable us to cut the roots of criminals who have illegally been benefiting from the trade without paying tax. Failure to earn this revenue as long as the industry is still illegal makes the government to be the looser in this game. The revenue collected from this industry is what should be used to take care of the victims of drug abuse. Even with mariju ana as illegal as it is, the government expenditure on the victims of drug abuse is high, yet the fight itself no matter how strong it is does not at any point move closer to success (Pudney, 2010) Corruption The fight against marijuana has always benefited few individuals in the society. Marijuana traffickers, just like other drug dealers are well connected people in the society. This is the main reason for the lack of success in the war. As we continue with the fight, we create more wealthy individuals in the society through this trade. It no secret that money from marijuana, just like other illicit drugs goes a long way in funding election campaigns in the country (Douglas Marneffe, 2005). This is the main reason for this scrupulous leaders continued campaign against legalization of marijuana. Their interest in the anti-marijuana campaign is strongly embodied in their personal interest; they want to ensure the industry is illegal so that they can continue to blackmail the drug barons into giving them money. Time has come for able men and women to realize the need to embrace legalization of this industry to end this form of corruption in our state offices (Mares, 2009). Our Criminal Justice System is another corruption overwhelmed sector that benefits from illegalization of marijuana. The police and other law enforcers all earn money through fraudulent means and always support the anti-marijuana legalization campaign. Do you ever take your time to find out how marijuana makes its way to our correctional facilities? Corruption is usually the way to go and it can only be fought by addressing the source; we should not continue to pretend that marijuana is bad when indeed those sending such messages rely on them in order to earn an illegal income through corruption (Mirion Zwibel, 1995). It is therefore vital that we close all avenues through which corruption retards our ability to formulate effective policies. It is only this way that we shall say we are in the right direction towards the fight against the negative effects of marijuana. We must therefore legalize the drug and then focus our efforts on addressing the negative effects that a few individ uals may show as a result of the use of the drug. We can always learn from the situation in Netherland in our attempt to better our policies regarding marijuana consumption (Pudney, 2010). Regulation Legalization of marijuana will pave way to formulation of key legislations that will be crucial in the effective management of the drug (Inciardi, 1999). Critical legislations will give the definition of the minimum age required for one to be able to use this drug. This will be important in protection of the rights of all members of the society. Just pose to think about the role of children in the illegal marijuana trade. The picture painted is such a worrying one. Minors are used in pushing the drug. However, once the drug is legalized, it will mean that there are no more secret dealings which are central in employment of minors in pushing the drug. Legalized use of the drug will give the definition of where the drug can be purchased, whether in operating drug stores or new ones specifically meant for marijuana. This way, one will be able to access the drug with a lot of ease without having to put the life of other citizens at risk. Another important of regulation is that the rights of those who do not use the substance will be respected. This way, smoking zones will be defined by the legislation and therefore a user will not only know where to go for the drug but also where and when to use it. This way, many lives will be saved as illegal access to the drug and consumption usually put so many people at risk. Fights that often erupt in the secret marijuana bases will be there no more. These fights occur quite often and are a reason for speedy measures to be taken in order to protect the involved citizens. As mentioned earlier, an American citizen is a valued asset of the state and his/ her life should not be put at risk whatsoever the case. It is the declaration of the drug as illegal that goes further to create all the social crimes that we witness. Let there be regulations to guide the trade and all will be well (Gerber, 2004). We have had fights erupting in restaurants and other social places, what is usually important is addressing the aftermath and putting measures to curb resurgence of the same. This is what we need to see even in the marijuana industry and not the simplistic argument that marijuana is the root cause of uncountable social problems. The society will always play host to social misfits and this should not be used to deny good citizens their access to what gives them happiness. Danger from violent black market criminals Leaving marijuana in the hands of violent black market criminals is creating insecurity in the country. No one can estimate the cost of what these dangerous criminals are capable of. For how long are we going to sit back and watch as young men and women are hacked to death by these criminals? The people dying are innocent people, only trying to kill their hunger for the drug but due to tight legislations that outlaw the use of marijuana, they are forced to use fraudulent means to get it. This lands them in the hand of these dangerous criminals who do not have any respect or value for human life. To them, it is simple; you either cooperate or lose your life. So many young people are being wasted by these drug pushers since once you get an orientation, they do not let you go away after the purchase, they expect you to create a new for them to a new market, that is network for them. This is the major route through which marijuana makes its way to schools. The only protection that the so ciety can get is legalization of marijuana so that these forced involvements into the use and later marketing of the drug will be countered (Pudsey, 2010). Acceptance in medication So far, 15 states have legalized what they call medical marijuana. These states include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Michigan, and Washington State, New Mexico among others. This is a positive move towards legalization of marijuana for recreation as well. It must be pointed that the figures for medical marijuana users has been growing significantly in the states where it is legal (marijuana.com, 2011). It is also proven that the support for marijuana legalization has risen by over 25% since 1995 (Sasha, 2010). This is an indication that the people have come to accept the reality, that is, marijuana is there to stay forever and not a mere passerby. It is this support that Pro 19 lacked at the time of its introduction and hence was defeated. The growing awareness on the need to legalize marijuana speaks of itself. People are tired of living a life of denial and illusion. Concerned parents are no longer willing to hide their inability to stop their sons and daughters from smoking pot and instead want a shift in the manner in which they do it. Their security is now what they are interested in and of course are ready to invest in. They want the situation to be no different with that taking the drug for medication; that are free to march to licensed drug stores, present their cards and have the drug sold to them (Pudney, 2010). Market segmentation Once marijuana is legalized, dealers will be able to own licenses that will enable them to legally carry out marijuana business. These people will therefore do their best to safeguard their licenses since involvement in any other kind of drug business other than marijuana will see them arrested and their licenses revoked. This will therefore help in reduction of pushing of other drugs like cocaine, heroin among others that are illegal (Gerber, 2004). Conclusion Debate on the legalization of marijuana has often received mixed reactions from pro-legalization campaigners and the anti-legalization groups. Majority of those in support of legalization are marijuana users with the support of prospective farmers. This group believes that they stand to benefit a lot from a free environment as opposed to the current one that pushes them to carry out their activities in great secrets and when discovered, they have to spend their time behind bars for a considerable period of time. The anti-legalization campaign team is composed of the conservatives who question the moral virtues in the use of marijuana. It is however evident that the society will benefit more once marijuana is legalized when compared to the woes that define the illegal environment in which this business is practiced. 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Community Development Strategies In Irish Society Social Work Essay Essays

Community Development Strategies In Irish Society Social Work Essay Essays Community Development Strategies In Irish Society Social Work Essay Essay Community Development Strategies In Irish Society Social Work Essay Essay There are many descriptions of community and community development and of its functions and maps within societies across the Earth. For this assignment, the focal point will be placed on Irish society and the functions and maps of communities and community development schemes every bit good as the people who are involved the procedure. The assignment will foremost convey about a on the job definition of community and so place the people who are associated to these communities. From at that place, the thought of community development will be analysed for its relevancy and importance to these communities to see why community development is needed and precisely what is required to originate community development schemes. Along with this, the constructs of authorization, sustainability and devolving duty will be brought to the bow in order to foreground the many different facets of community development. The sphere in which people get their most cardinal and most significant experiences outside the confines of the place community, therefore is where 1 learns and continues to pattern how to be societal . ( Cohen 1985, cited in Hardcastle et Al. p 5 ) . This was sociologist Stanley Cohen s decision when he had attempted to specify community after many other celebrated and universe renowned sociologists had spent old ages coming up with legion definitions. So from here it is evident that a definition of community is non easy to specify, however there are similarities when specifying community. The term community is widely used for certain geographical vicinities such as the Ballyfermot community , Tallaght community or the Fox stone community . By depicting these communities by their location on a map does really small to show the true significance of community nor does it account for the diverse demands, factors and issues involved in a community. Community as a geographical constr uct is limited to little more than a population of people and the vicinity they live in. A community of involvement on the other manus, such as the homosexual community, going community or any other communities of involvement are non bound by boundary lines or topographic points of abode and they tend to portion a specific involvement other than the vicinity of which they are a occupant. The differentiation between communities as location and communities of involvement is summed up by Coulshed and Orme ( 1999, pp 209-210 ) Community as vicinity, sometimes called community of abode, where topographic point is both synonymous with community and influences those who live in the community. The person is expected to portion things in common with others populating in the same geographical country, and is expected to experience some trueness to that country and its inhabitantsaˆÂ ¦ Community of involvement or functional communities exist because persons will besides hold a figure of relationships with people and establishments outside a limited geographical country. They might portion a common involvement based on leisure or work, and these webs of relationships might widen even beyond national boundaries. Examples of the differentiations between thoughts of communities can be seen every twenty-four hours now with the birth of the cyberspace. Although the cyberspace was created as a tool for military communicating within the walls of a specific location for the U.S. ground forces it has since become one of the largest and most effectual community builders on the planet. With the outgrowth of the World Wide Web, societal webs over recent old ages and the of all time increasing handiness of information along with the easiness of entree to the engineering, on-line communities have grown in stature and present feasible grounds of shared involvement communities with or without geographical boundaries such as an office, edifice, administration or even same clip zone or continent. In an Irish context it is really easy to see how the communities that have been affected by deluging hold pulled together around many of the rural countries of Ireland, these people, in many cases are populating sta t mis off from each other and however they have assembled together to contend the devastation of the inundations. This illustration of a community and this crisis development of a community could be said to embrace the true significance of community. Community development: Merely as there are many definitions for community there are many definitions for community development. ( Ross 1967, cited in Hardcastle et Al. pp 3-4 ) explains the procedure of community development- A procedure by which a community identifies its demands or aims, orders these demands or aims, develops the assurance or will to work at these demands or aims, finds the resources ( internal and/or external ) to cover with these demands or aims, takes action in regard to them, and in so making extends and develops concerted and collaborative attitudes and patterns in the community. Either manner, when explicating the demand for development or how it is carried out there is normally small difference in attacks or applications, it appears that the chief differences between development undertakings are based on what precisely they are seeking to accomplish and why they need to originate development. Community development and the demand for it by and large originate when a community is enduring negatively. There are many ways in which a community can endure negatively. It can be affected by economic alterations such as the recent cuts in the budget. It can be affected by high offense rates, low educational attainment, poorness, negative media coverage every bit good as the prioritisation of substructure as to which is more of import, a bookmakers and saloon or creche and station office. When these societal jobs emerge in communities there are really frequently effects and those effects come in the signifier of societal exclusion and marginalization. When specifying societal exclusion it is easy to indicate out captives, nuts, stateless people and those who appear to hold really small money when using the term socially excluded to a individual, However, the complexness of the term societal exclusion is illustrated by Agulnik and Hills ( 2002 p 62 ) Social exclusion is unambiguously more than poorness, but doubtless poorness is a precursor, marker or constituent of societal exclusion. Equally, societal exclusion goes beyond other economic variables, such as employment position or occupational classaˆÂ ¦ Clearly, deficiency of interaction, benefit dependence, lone parentage, populating in a sink estate and holding mental or physical wellness jobs are besides precursors, markers or constituents of societal exclusion. These constituents of societal exclusion along with the already declining fiscal state of affairs in countries of developmental demand will further force members of these communities out to the really edges of society. This is where the term marginalisation comes from and it is this job that is really frequently the accelerator for development undertakings in communities. Originating community development: When originating a developmental undertaking within a community there are frequently many barriers to being successful. Many communities have been promised so much and been given so small over the old ages that now they have developed a mood of fatalism . This temper of fatalism can attest because of the feeling of being left buttocks, a feeling that has been experienced by the communities that were promised the regeneration programmes such as St. Michaels Estate, Dominic street flats and ODevaney Gardens, all in Dublin. The temper of fatalism can besides be perpetuated by the deficiency of audience towards communities and their occupants and this can go forth the community dismayed and demoing distrust towards local governments including the council, the Garda and sometimes even community development professionals that are brought into the country. Tempers of fatalism, misgiving of authorization, deficiency of audience with members of the community by governments and societal exclusion are merely some of the obstructions for the successful execution of community development. There are tonss more obstructions to postulate with and tonss more processs to be considered when trying to originate a community development undertaking as summed up in a statement by the Community Development Foundation UK- Community development is a skilled procedure and portion of its attack is the belief that communities can non be helped unless they themselves agree to this process.A Community development has to look both ways: non merely at how the community is working at the grass roots, but besides at how antiphonal key establishments are to the demands of local communities. ( www.maori.com ) Task 2 ) The function of the community development worker and the part to the procedure of community action: Specifying the undertaking and set uping purposes and aims: When get downing up an enterprise it is of import to set up a program and set together accomplishable ends and marks. One manner of making this is for the worker to first see the country and make some research on it. This would be experimental research and would affect taking a expression around the country, paying close attending to the precedence of such things as a creche, a chemist, a convenience shop, a resort area, an activity tribunal ( tarmac association football pitch/basketball tribunal ) , a school, coach Michigans and a wellness Centre incorporating a physicians surgery, tooth doctor and babe nurse. In an ideal universe all communities should hold these comfortss at the really least, nevertheless, it is the deficiency of these comfortss along with seeable images of impairment and anti societal behavior through the presence of broken bottles, graffito, untrimmed leafy vegetables, scorched spots in the surrounding leafy vegetables and lounging teens on corner-house walls th at create the demand for community development in that country. The following measure would so be to acquire in touch with the local governments to happen out more about the demographics of the country. These governments should include foremost the Garda, to acquire an thought of offense and their general attitude towards the locals. Second, the local employment service to acquire an thought of unemployment and the committedness to looking for work from the locals, besides this gives the worker a opportunity to measure the installations for preparation chances for locals as it is hoped they will acquire involved when the development undertaking gets underway. Third, the local young person Centre if there is one in the country, this will give the worker an thought of the general committedness to development in the whole country. It would be hoped that the workers at that place would hold good cognition of the country and the locals along with a foundation of trust already built at that place. They would besides be able to allow the worker know of the size and trouble of the undertaking in front and on the positive side, may besides acquire involved in the undertaking. One other under taking could be speaking to locals, nevertheless the worker would hold to be cognizant that they could sometimes confront ill will and at the really least they could be having a colored sentiment of the country. Networking: As discussed earlier, there are some jobs to screen out by the community development worker before they can implement any alterations. When jobs have been identified in a community and an attempt is being made to alter them there are some thoughts that are built-in in leting the procedure of alteration to get down. One of these thoughts is the pattern of networking, otherwise known as contact devising. Twelvetrees ( 1991, p 16 ) describes contact doing as our staff of life and butter . He states- To acquire anything done we need to construct an confederation with other people. But besides the comparatively few people with whom we will hold an confederation to accomplish a peculiar aim, we need the support and good will of every bit many other people as possible . Some may reason that support and good will for the community and community workers has deteriorated in recent old ages because of the Celtic tiger and the rise of fight that came with that period of clip. Now nevertheless, literally every newspaper and every intelligence headline is focused on support in the signifier of the work stoppages and Marches for public sector workers and the Canal Communities Partnerships and besides focused on good will by the images of local builders and builder s suppliers prosecuting in attempts to stem the inundations in rural countries. Partnerships and coaction: When the marks have been identified and some contacts have been established it is now clip to convey these interdisciplinary bureaus together. Of class, non every bureau will be enthusiastic at first, nevertheless it is hoped that when some betterments are made they will come around and go involved in the procedure. The really hereafter of a community may rest on the coaction of bureaus because of the resources required and the support that will be needed to travel frontward with the development program in the hereafter. Harmonizing to Rigg and McGarty ( 2009, p 211 ) It is progressively recognised that service demands, societal issues and social jobs can non be resolved by individual bureaus or single professions entirely . So before sing inquiring an bureau for money, usage of their premises or any other resources it is of import to do a nexus with them. While working in an interdisciplinary environment there are tonss of positives to bask although it must be managed good and eve ryone must cognize their function to avoid wateriness, ineffectualness and struggle. It is at this point that certain differentiations are made in relation to the vision of the development undertaking and the undertaking worker. Contrary to many beliefs, good leading does non needfully intend good direction, harmonizing to Huczynski and Buchanan ( 2001, cited in Share and Lalor p 223 ) Those who make a clear differentiation portray the leader as person who develops visions and drives new enterprises, and the director as person who monitors advancement towards new aims to accomplish order and dependability . Equally good as these struggles in political orientation the one thing that is first and foremost among the undertaking is the demands of the members of the chosen community. Inter-professional competition is another construct that can sometimes crawl into the proviso of service, examples of this are really evident in communities today when associating to mental wellness and the trust that the medical profession topographic points in community attention. Harmoni zing to Owens ( 2007, p 49 ) Medical laterality remains the norm and there has been a reluctance to let non-medical squad members to lend to the amplification of comprehensive attention programmes . These are merely some of the many jobs confronting the development worker, the squads and the forces that will go involved in the development undertaking. It is when faced with these troubles that the rules of sustainability, devolving power and empowerment demand to be intelligently implemented by all involved, particularly the community development worker. Authorization: Authorization is one of those footings that can be thrown around rather lightly and can really turn into enablement and have an inauspicious affect ensuing in dependence on a service or service supplier. Authorization is based on certain rules and the old Chinese adage is the footing for an account of authorization, Catch a adult male a fish and you feed him for a twenty-four hours, learn a adult male to angle and you feed him for life . There are a figure of ways to see empowerment depending on the context ; Dubois and Miley ( 2002, cited in Chenoweth and McAuliffe 2005 P 37 ) describe empowerment- Empowerment is a collaborative procedure between practicians and those with whom they work. It is based on the place that people are inherently competent and capable given the right resources and chances. An empowerment attack requires that clients are able to alter and specify their ain ends and the agencies to accomplish them . Of class, this is merely the beginning in footings of authorization. Empowering people in today s economic clime can be really hard as the mentality for those involved in community undertakings along with those analyzing to go community workers is looking much bleaker than it did a twosome of old ages ago. However, this current state of affairs is seen as a procedure of authorization as people join together to do their voice heard to those at the really top who have the concluding say over budgets and policy. Harmonizing to Dubois and Miley ( 2002, cited in Chenoweth and McAuliffe. 2005 p 37 ) Empowerment is the procedure by which persons, groups and communities increase their personal, interpersonal and political power in order to better their state of affairss . Meaning that communities should ever hold a voice of at the degree of policy, policy devising, the Dail and at grass roots degree besides. Chenoweth and McAuliffe ( 2005 p 37 ) convey this idea- Empowerment is besides st rongly related to societal justness and to the democratic ideal of citizens doing determinations about their lives . Devolving duty: The degeneration of duty in footings of community and development is when the development worker begins to manus down the power or portion the power around. It would non be in the true spirit of authorization to maintain control of power over all resources or enterprises that have been put into action. One of the most pertinent illustrations of degeneration is in Northern Ireland. Some old ages ago the British authorities gave issues such as patroling over to the northern assembly. This of class was non merely given over to people who had no experience of policing, political relations or the development of policy and that is the same as devolving power to the locals in a community scene. The degeneration in the north took clip and tonss of readying to do certain it would travel harmonizing to program. It took much interagency work from both sides of the boundary line every bit good as tonss of input from local community groups before and after the degeneration began and this is where the degeneration in community work is really similar. The locals, through the empowerment procedure will hold got involved in the community and the development procedure, and will hold learned how to move in certain functions and perchance had some preparation in the functions within the community. At this point the development worker can get down to step off and let the community to run as a unit themselves. Besides the degeneration procedure requires trust from many of the political bureaus that control much of the budgets and resources that are required by the community development worker and the community around them. Harmonizing to Blears ( 2008 ) With the right support, counsel and advice, community groups and administrations have a immense, mostly latent, capacity for self authorities and ego administration. This should be the trademark of the modern province: devolved, decentralised, with power diffused throughout our society . Sustainability: As discussed, the authorization of a community and the premise of duty for themselves are of import characteristics of any community and of import maps that the development worker must transport out. Further to this there is another highly of import map, sustainability. Sustainability, it could be said is without uncertainty the individual most of import thought when it comes to community work although it is a much argued construct. Harmonizing to Mckeown ( 2002 ) Peoples around the universe recognize that current economic development tendencies are non sustainable and that public consciousness, instruction, and preparation are cardinal to traveling society toward sustainability. Beyond that, there is small understanding. People argue about the significance of sustainable development and whether or non it is come-at-able. The inquiry of achievability prevarications in the custodies of the development worker and the community. If the undermentioned thoughts are put to utilize by the worker so there is a opportunity of achieving and keeping sustainability. Without sustainability there will be a impairment of everything that has been built and that in bend, will necessarily allow the community and the ambiance of the community go backwards and change by reversal all the processs and difficult work that has been expressed earlier in this treatment. In order to prolong a undertaking the development worker must guarantee they maintain the locals motivated, this can be done through enterprises such as honorary awards, local media undertakings such as newssheets and newspapers. Tallaght, Ballyfermot and Northside have the Echo , a newspaper that promotes their community every bit good as maintaining them up to day of the month with the current personal businesss of the vicinity. This besides serves to use the locals, hence raising their profiles at community degree and ego esteem at an single degree. The worker must besides assist the community and its locals to go on to travel frontward, this can be done through regular meetings, constitut ion of occupants associations, vicinity tickers and monitoring and reviewing of the undertaking consequently. Possibly the biggest barriers to sustainability will come in the country of support and resourcing. Support and resources recently are really hard to acquire because of peoples deficiency of free clip in which they can function their communities, however this is where the development worker and those involved need to be advanced and originative. There are tonss of voluntary bureaus out at that place and this is where the community could tackle some resources where it would be free or come for a really little fee. An illustration of this type of apparatus is the recognition brotherhoods. The recognition brotherhoods have been runing on a unpaid footing for many old ages now and have been a immense success. Some of the employees involved in the exchequer receive a fee which is normally a per centum of what can be afforded ; this is besides because of the clip they dedicate to the brotherhood. Another manner of go oning to maintain the community motivated, traveling frontward and resourced is to come in the community in such events as the tidy town s competition. There are a few competitions around for communities to come in and they sometimes carry a hard currency award to assist with support. This competition type of attack besides instils a victorious outlook into a community hence giving them something to contend for and be proud and in bend, the opportunities of prolonging the community undertaking are greatly increased. Decision Having foremost looked at some of the definitions of community and so analyzing the procedures involved in the puting up of a community development undertaking it is just to reason that community development and the induction of such is non an easy undertaking. This has been compounded by the farther treatment into the function of the community development worker where the maps and duties were examined. From the scrutiny of the worker it can be concluded that the work is highly hard because of the committedness needed every bit good as the pattern of rules that need to be implemented. These rules of authorization, devolving duty and sustainability are easy to throw around as words ; nevertheless, it has become evident throughout the treatment that there is more to these rules than utilizing them as fancy rhetoric. They need to be implemented because of the restraints of fundss and resources every bit good as the minimum clip that some community members can offer up. With all this inf ormation it can be concluded that community development is enormously complex. With the current crisis in the economic system it is set to go more complex and will necessitate the rules of authorization, degeneration of duty and sustainability to be enforced as realistic precedences and non as portion of some political discourse to delight the multitudes. If this can be achieved so community undertakings can be kept alive.

'The global financial crisis (2007-2009) is an evidence of the Essay

'The global financial crisis (2007-2009) is an evidence of the weaknesses of the existing international and national regulator - Essay Example The excessive spending and the systemic risk associated due to the fluctuation of macroeconomic factors in the world economic environment exposed the investments and the subsequent lending by the financial institutions to high risks which was slowly growing into a large bubble1. Before the global financial crisis that started in US during 2007 and rippled throughout the world, the prices of the real estate was soaring very high. Thus, people could make huge profits in the short run by investing in US properties which was unmatched with any other investment in the US and the international markets. Apart from this, the national government in US also adopted the policy of property holding right for the US citizens that encouraged the financial institutions and their intermediaries to lend for the purpose of purchase of property2. However, due to the lack of tight regulatory framework, there were cases of lending and investments that could be identified as risky due to several factors li ke repayment capability of the investor, feasibility of the investment returns, regulatory compliance, etc3. The heavy bubble of bad lending by the financial institutions burst into a global financial crisis which was an evidence of the weakness of the national and international regulatory frameworks that were put in place for avoiding the systemic risk and the excessive risk taking of the financial institutions. Systemic risk The systematic risk is explained by the risk that arises due to the fluctuation of the macro economic factors like export-import, appreciation of depreciation of currencies, economic performance of developed countries, changes in international investments, fluctuations in the financial return and risk, etc. The global financial crisis brought out the systemic risk that started in the US and melted down globally to international economies across the world4. The inter-linkage between the houses of production, markets and the financial intermediaries led the plat form where the manufacturing and the production units suffered a slowdown in the production level due to the loss of the financial intermediaries which in turn was affected due to the default risk of the borrowers who invested in the US real estate and properties5. The lack of tighter regulatory framework fuelled the investments in the US real estates. The regulatory framework for the financial institutions is also liable of not putting checks when the financial institutions relaxed their approaches on due diligence and compliance checks to find the default risk in case of lending6. The business houses were also granted loans for increasing the supply to match the rising demand. The systemic risk exposed the weakness of the regulatory frameworks when the household and the businesses defaulted in paying back the borrowed money to the financial institution and there was financial catastrophe in the US economy7. Excessive risk taking by financial institutions The global financial crisi s in 2007 to 2009 could be attributed to excessive risk taken by the financial

Public affair class source report 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Public affair class source report 5 - Essay Example The information informs the agency on the economic significance of international students to U.S, U.K, and China. Gil, Natalie. â€Å"International students: a guide to social success.† The Guardian, 19 September 2014. Web. 30 November 2014. Summary: International students face huge challenges in integrating themselves into the social scene of a foreign nation. The international office and international student committee encourages international students to join culture and language societies that promote social interactions between cultural backgrounds. Relevance: The information is relevant to the department of international student U.S since it manifests how international offices and international student committees can help international students from integrating themselves into the U.S social scene. Konrad, Matt. â€Å"How U.S. Students Can Find College Scholarships to Study in Europe.† U.S. News & World Report LP, 30 October 2014. Web. 30 November 2014. Summary: The article confirms that U.S students who seek higher education in different countries across Europe suffer from financial aid complications than international students seeking higher education in U.S. U.K is the best destination for U.S students seeking higher education in Europe since it provides educational scholarships to students from U.S. Relevance: The information is relevant to the department of international student U.S since it manifests the financial challenges faced by U.S students and presents educational scholarships offered to U.S students by U.K. Lu, Yao. â€Å"3 Rules for International Students Using U.S. Social Media.† U.S. News & World Report LP, 9 Jan. 2014. Web. 30 November 2014.

Truth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Truth - Essay Example However, diverse the topic of truth, a measure of its boundaries and applications is imperative but logically unattainable. Knowledge in philosophy denotes justified true belief. In trying to explain epistemology, philosophers developed different ideologies. The use of perception in relation to sense data to determine knowledge and, therefore, truth has yielded a lot of debate. For instance, direct realism holds that, the world consists of mind independent physical objects. Through perception, an individual is directly aware of the independent objects. Then comes the science that states, what we perceive as an object is but a reflection of light. Scientists justify their claim beyond a reasonable doubt, in which case the absence of light is equal to the inability to see the object. Perception is, however, not dependent on one sense for humans have an abundance of five. For instance, in the dark one can still hear when he bumps into the object, feel its texture and approximate its siz e (touch), taste the surface and take in its scent (smell). Indirect realism tries to distinguish objects that are physically real and objects perceived by the mind. Indirect realists achieve this by assuming that humans are indirectly aware of mind independent objects. Study of the human mind has revealed that there are states in which the mind cannot distinguish true perceptions from false perceptions. Such states include illusions, dreams and other phenomena such as hallucinations which are real to minds as if they were in normal states. These states, therefore, disclaim the validity of both direct and indirect realism. This, in summary, dictates that the minds interpretation of the light ergo the object and in extension truth is as far as the individual mind perceives. Idealism holds that all physical objects are nothing more than just a collection of sensory ideas. In light of this, idealist can contradictorily say that 1) we are perceptually aware of actual physical things, bu t 2) all experiences are experiences of mental representations. Justification and belief are not enough to make a premise true as mentioned earlier. This insufficiency results in the Gettier problem. Philosophers try to solve this problem for instance, some theorists suggest redefining reliability. Nonetheless, the state of the mind controls the senses in which case truth still relies on an individual’s perception, however, fallible. What then are universal truths? Are all human minds playing a universal trick? Truth is the relation between a thing, state of affairs and their supporting evidence. The statement made is as a result of thought and judgment which require logical constructs to determine, in which case appeal to logos is eminent. Many intellectuals see Correspondence theory as dependent on conforms of external reality, ergo, metaphysics. To justify a preposition P as there has to exist a balanced equation between the components of preposition A and intellect. The b alance of this equation does not restrict to objects and facts hence can apply to feelings, emotion, and people just but a few. Correspondence theory can describe two approaches of truth namely object based and fact based. Object-based correspondence summarizes judgment (in relation to an object) as true only if associate predicates correspond to the object. Noted, two accounts in regard to predicate associations are pertinent a) forming a reference relation and b) forming a correspondence relation. In summary, believes hold true if corresponding facts remain valid and false when corresponding facts are void. The correspondence theory to a considerable extent is a defense for metaphysical realism. However, all knowledge has a foundation in which